Research Experience for Undergraduates at Elizabeth City State University in Elizabeth City, North Carolina
Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets in Ocean, Marine, and Polar Science
2015

Team Members: Ricky Dixon (MVSU), Raveen McKenzie (MVSU), Jamal Stevenson (MVSU), Steffie Walthall (SCAD)
Mentor: Jeff Wood

Link: http://nia.ecsu.edu/reuomps2015/teams/water/index.html

A corresponding study of water quality evaluation in the Pasquotank Watershed in Northeastern North Carolina

Keywords: water quality, Pasquotank, watershed, dissolved oxygen, pH, salt, conductivity, clarity, turbidity

Abstract
The Pasquotank River Watershed covers over 450 square miles and is located in the Coastal Plain of northeastern North Carolina. It flows from the Great Dismal Swamp at the Virginia/North Carolina border into the Albemarle Sound. The watershed is part of the Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System, the second largest system in the United States after the Chesapeake Bay Estuary and provides a transition between spawning grounds and the waters of the Albemarle Sound. Forested swamp wetlands border much of the waterways. Increased agricultural and urban development has greatly affected water quality during recent years.

The 2015 Research Experience for Undergraduates Pasquotank River Watershed Team completed various tests along the tributaries and the river itself, adding to the previously gathered data from 2011, 2013, and 2014. The test points were derived during the 2011 Summer Watershed Team research project with four points added during the 2014 Summer project. Results were compared with previous readings for analysis. Streams tested were the Newbegun Creek, Knobbs Creek, Areneuse Creek, Mill Dam Creek, and Sawyers Creek. These streams, along with the river, cover a large area of the watershed and provide a wide variety of shore development from swampland and farmland to industrial development.

In-house tests on this year’s samples continued to include pH, salt, total dissolved solids, and conductivity. Air/water temperature, dissolved oxygen, wind speed/direction, and turbidity/clarity measurements were taken in the field. The results from these readings were placed into an online database where they are correlated to the location of the sample using Google Maps®

Analyzation tools were developed in order to compare the data from all years for any variations or similarities. Excel spreadsheets were developed to look more closely at individual points and tests for each point. Past projects have used a general analysis of the entire stream to determine water quality. Steps were also made to develop research the the development of an online graphing tool for analyzing the data at individual points over several years. Test results collected were added to a database developed during the 2014-2015 academic year at Elizabeth City State University. This database was connected to a data visualization page utilizing Google Maps®.

The results show that the overall water quality index score for all the tested water sources remained at a constant range compared to previous years. The water quality index score for Mill Dam Creek rose above the previous three scores of 48 (2011), 47 (2013), and 49 (2014) and achieved a medium water quality setting of 57. The score for Areneuse Creek increased and remained at a medium range score of 60. The Sawyers Creek’s score fell from its consistent medium range and became the lowest scoring waterway tested with a reading of 35. Knobbs Creek’s score decreased from previous years with a reading of 42. The score for NewBegun Creek fell within its medium water quality index range with a score of 65. The water quality reading for Pasquotank River rose from the previous testing year’s reading of 35 but still remained at within the bad water quality index range of 45. The Lower Pasquotank remained the best water quality index score for a second consecutive year at 85.

Research Experience for Undergraduates at Elizabeth City State University in Elizabeth City, North Carolina
Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheers in Ocean, Marine, and Polar Sciences
2014

Team Memebrs: Raveen McKenzie (MVSU), Jamal Stevenson (MVSU)
Mentor: Jeff Wood

http://nia.ecsu.edu/reuomps2014/teams/water/index.html

A comparative study to the 2011/2013 water quality assessments in the Pasquotank Watershed in Northeastern North Carolina with a sea level rise component

Keywords: water quality, Pasquotank, watershed, dissolved oxygen, pH, salt, conductivity, clarity, turbidity

Abstract
The Pasquotank River Watershed is found in Northeasternt North Carolina beginning in the Great Dismal Swamp at the Virginia/North Carolina border and flows into the Albemarle Sound. The watershed provides a transition between spawning grounds and the waters of the Albemarle Sound. The sound serves as a nursery area for many fish species and is home to numerous sport and commercial species. Due to indications of rising global temperature and the monitoring of melting ice sheets, these coastal watersheds could be a leading indicator of rising sea levels as their chemical compositions changes. The effects of sea-level rise were also taken into consideration for future monitoring.

The 2014 Research Experience for Undergraduates Pasquotank River Watershed Team completed two sets of tests of five tributaries and the river itself. These test points were derived from the 2011 and 2013 Watershed Team research projects with the addition of four points created to sample further downstream in the Pasquotank River itself. Results were compared with previous readings utilizing a Water Quality Index (WQI). The streams tested were the Pasquotank River, Newbegun Creek, Knobbs Creek, Areneuse Creek, Mill Dam Creek, and Sawyers Creek. These streams, along with the river, cover a large portion of the watershed and provide a wide area of study for the watershed.

Tests performed in the laboratory on this year's samples included pH, salinity, total dissolved solids, and conductivity. Air/water temperature, dissolved oxygen, wind speed/direction, and turbidity/clarity measurements were taken in the field. The results collected were placed online and displayed in correlation to their position utilizing Google Maps. The data were then compared to the 2011 and 2013 project results and examined for any variations or similarities.

The results show that there were variations for the individual water quality scores, but the overall water quality score for all the tested water sources remained at a comparable level from previous years. Mill Dam Creek rose above the previous three scores of 48 (2011), 47 (2013), and 49 (2014) and achieved a medium water quality score of 57. Areneuse Creek improved in water quality with a medium water quality score of 60. Sawyers Creek became the lowest scoring waterway tested at 35. Knobbs Creek decreased from previous years with a water quality score of 42. For a fourth consecutive testing year, NewBegun Creek fell within the medium water quality range with a score of 65. Pasquotank River rose from the previous testing year’s score of 35 but still remained within the bad water quality range with a score of 45. The Lower Pasquotank remained the highest scoring tributary for a second consecutive year with a score of 85.