As one of the most
intelligent marine animals in the world, the Bottlenose dolphin,
Tursiops truncatus, dominates its environment by being the top - level
predator. Protected under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA)
the preservation of bottlenose dolphins has been a primary concern of the
government, researchers, and dolphin enthusiast alike. Over the
years many scientists have dedicated their research to preserving
dolphins, and devising better method in trying to locate them. It
has been suggested that dolphins migrate toward areas of high chlorophyll
concentration and relatively warm temperatures on the Atlantic coast.
One of the methods the Navy is hoping to utilize is remote sensing.
In compliance with the MMPA and the Office of Naval Research (ONR),
this study explored the presence of dolphins using sea surface temperature
(SST) and chlorophyll data from April 2000 to October 2001 using the
Advance Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). SST data from NOAA
data station at Sewell's Point was used where temperature from (AVHRR)
was not available. Field data was collected using the passive
observation technique from small boat cruises on set transects. The
75 transects that were made, there were 39 encounters. The voyages
took place on the Elizabeth River in Norfolk, Virginia, from May 2000 to
October 2001.
There were no sightings of
dolphins in sea surface temperature below 56°F. 92.3% of the
sightings were made from SST within the range of 70F - 80F. 98.1% of
the dolphins sighted were also within this range. According to our
data set there was no correlation between chlorophyll and the presence or
absence of bottlenose dolphins.